抗生素使用
交叉散播
抗生素使用
By cross transmission
      Patient – Staff – Patient
      Patient – Environment/Equipment – Patient
      Patient – Patient
By antibiotic use
      suppressing normal flora
      increasing adherence / pathogenicity
§
Physicians
Patients
醫療機構內抗藥性的助長
üHospital hygiene
üSelective pressure of antibiotics
üSpread of mobile genetic element
Weinstein RA. Emerg Infect Dis 2001